Temperature & Humidity

  • Fahrenheit to Celsius Fever Calculator
    Convert body temperature between Fahrenheit and Celsius and instantly see whether the reading reaches the 38 °C / 100.4 °F fever threshold.
  • Oven Temperature Conversion Calculator
    Convert oven temperatures between Fahrenheit, Celsius and UK Gas Mark instantly. Enter any value and get all three equivalents for perfect baking.
  • Ideal Gas Law Temperature Calculator
    Solve for temperature using the ideal gas law T = PV/(nR). Enter pressure, volume, and moles to get the gas temperature in K, °C, and °F.
  • Specific Gas Constant Air Density Calculator
    Calculate humid air density from temperature, pressure and relative humidity using the specific gas constants for dry air and water vapor.
  • R-Value & U-Value Insulation Calculator
    Calculate the R-value (thermal resistance) and U-value of insulation from material thickness and thermal conductivity. Add extra layers for total R.
  • Thermal Conduction Heat Flow Calculator
    Calculate conductive heat flow rate and heat flux through a material using Fourier's Law: Q/t = k·A·ΔT/d. Enter conductivity, area, thickness and temperatures.
  • Saturation Vapor Pressure Calculator
    Calculate saturation vapor pressure from air temperature using the Tetens equation. Get results in kPa, hPa (mbar), and Pa instantly.
  • Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) Calculator
    Calculate Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) in kPa from air temperature and relative humidity. Free grow-room and greenhouse VPD tool with SVP and AVP.
  • Specific Humidity Calculator
    Calculate specific humidity from water vapor pressure and total air pressure using q = 0.622e/(p - 0.378e). Get results in g/kg and kg/kg instantly.
  • Frost Point Calculator
    Calculate the frost point temperature from air temperature and relative humidity using the Magnus formula for saturation over ice (below freezing).
  • Temperature Conversion Calculator
    Convert temperature between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, Rankine and Reaumur. Pick any two scales, enter a value, and see the exact converted result with steps.
  • Kelvin to Fahrenheit Converter
    Convert Kelvin (K) to Fahrenheit (°F) instantly with step-by-step working. Uses °F = K × 9/5 − 459.67. Free, accurate temperature converter.
  • Fahrenheit to Celsius Converter
    Convert temperatures between Fahrenheit and Celsius in both directions. Free °F to °C and °C to °F converter with formula and worked solution steps.
  • Fahrenheit to Kelvin Calculator
    Convert Fahrenheit to Kelvin instantly with K = (F + 459.67) x 5/9. Shows step-by-step working and flags non-physical values below absolute zero.
  • Kelvin to Rankine Converter
    Convert Kelvin (K) to Rankine (°R) instantly. Uses °R = K × 9/5 with full conversion steps, reference points, and a worked example.
  • Kelvin to Celsius Converter
    Convert Kelvin (K) to degrees Celsius (°C) instantly. Enter a temperature in Kelvin and see the result plus a step-by-step worked solution.
  • Fahrenheit to Rankine Converter
    Convert Fahrenheit to Rankine (°F to °R) instantly. Uses °R = °F + 459.67 and shows the full conversion steps. Accepts decimals and negatives.
  • Celsius to Kelvin Converter
    Convert degrees Celsius (°C) to Kelvin (K) instantly. Uses K = °C + 273.15 with full calculation steps and reference points like water freezing and boiling.
  • Celsius to Rankine Converter
    Convert Celsius to Rankine instantly. Enter a temperature in degC and get degR using the formula degR = degC x 1.8 + 491.67, with step-by-step working.
  • Rain to Snow Calculator
    Convert rainfall to expected snowfall using the snow-to-rain ratio. Estimate inches of snow from liquid precipitation (5:1 to 20:1).
  • Thermal Equilibrium Temperature Calculator
    Find the final equilibrium temperature when two substances mix, using mass, specific heat and initial temperatures. Free physics & chemistry tool.
  • Mixing Ratio of Air Calculator
    Calculate the mixing ratio of moist air from vapor pressure and total pressure using w = 0.622·e/(P−e). Get results in kg/kg and g/kg instantly.
  • Cloud Base Calculator
    Estimate the height of cumulus cloud bases from surface temperature and dew point using the standard spread method. Free aviation cloud base calculator.
  • Dew Point Calculator
    Calculate dew point easily with temperature and relative humidity inputs. Supports both Celsius and Fahrenheit. Get accurate results for meteorology, HVAC, and climate control applications.

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