Temperature & Humidity

  • Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) Calculator
    Calculate Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) in kPa from air temperature and relative humidity. Free grow-room and greenhouse VPD tool with SVP and AVP.
  • Specific Humidity Calculator
    Calculate specific humidity from water vapor pressure and total air pressure using q = 0.622e/(p - 0.378e). Get results in g/kg and kg/kg instantly.
  • Frost Point Calculator
    Calculate the frost point temperature from air temperature and relative humidity using the Magnus formula for saturation over ice (below freezing).
  • Temperature Conversion Calculator
    Convert temperature between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, Rankine and Reaumur. Pick any two scales, enter a value, and see the exact converted result with steps.
  • Kelvin to Fahrenheit Converter
    Convert Kelvin (K) to Fahrenheit (°F) instantly with step-by-step working. Uses °F = K × 9/5 − 459.67. Free, accurate temperature converter.
  • Fahrenheit to Celsius Converter
    Convert temperatures between Fahrenheit and Celsius in both directions. Free °F to °C and °C to °F converter with formula and worked solution steps.
  • Fahrenheit to Kelvin Calculator
    Convert Fahrenheit to Kelvin instantly with K = (F + 459.67) x 5/9. Shows step-by-step working and flags non-physical values below absolute zero.
  • Kelvin to Rankine Converter
    Convert Kelvin (K) to Rankine (°R) instantly. Uses °R = K × 9/5 with full conversion steps, reference points, and a worked example.
  • Kelvin to Celsius Converter
    Convert Kelvin (K) to degrees Celsius (°C) instantly. Enter a temperature in Kelvin and see the result plus a step-by-step worked solution.
  • Fahrenheit to Rankine Converter
    Convert Fahrenheit to Rankine (°F to °R) instantly. Uses °R = °F + 459.67 and shows the full conversion steps. Accepts decimals and negatives.
  • Celsius to Kelvin Converter
    Convert degrees Celsius (°C) to Kelvin (K) instantly. Uses K = °C + 273.15 with full calculation steps and reference points like water freezing and boiling.
  • Celsius to Rankine Converter
    Convert Celsius to Rankine instantly. Enter a temperature in degC and get degR using the formula degR = degC x 1.8 + 491.67, with step-by-step working.
  • Rain to Snow Calculator
    Convert rainfall to expected snowfall using the snow-to-rain ratio. Estimate inches of snow from liquid precipitation (5:1 to 20:1).
  • Mixed Air Temperature Calculator
    Calculate the mixed air temperature of two combining airstreams from their flow rates and temperatures using the flow-weighted average formula.
  • Wet Bulb Temperature Calculator
    Calculate wet bulb temperature from air temperature and relative humidity using the Stull approximation. Get results in °C and °F instantly.
  • Thermal Equilibrium Temperature Calculator
    Find the final equilibrium temperature when two substances mix, using mass, specific heat and initial temperatures. Free physics & chemistry tool.
  • Mixing Ratio of Air Calculator
    Calculate the mixing ratio of moist air from vapor pressure and total pressure using w = 0.622·e/(P−e). Get results in kg/kg and g/kg instantly.
  • Relative Humidity Calculator
    Calculate relative humidity (%) from air temperature and dew point using the Magnus saturation vapor pressure formula. Fast, accurate, free.
  • Cloud Base Calculator
    Estimate the height of cumulus cloud bases from surface temperature and dew point using the standard spread method. Free aviation cloud base calculator.
  • Dew Point Calculator
    Calculate dew point easily with temperature and relative humidity inputs. Supports both Celsius and Fahrenheit. Get accurate results for meteorology, HVAC, and climate control applications.
  • Heat Index Calculator
    Enter temperature and relative humidity to calculate the heat index in Celsius or Fahrenheit, and get the feels-like temperature for your conditions.
  • Boiling Point Altitude Calculator
    Find the boiling point of water at any altitude in °C and °F, plus atmospheric pressure. Free, instant boiling point altitude calculator.
  • Wind Chill Calculator
    Compute wind chill from air temperature in °F and wind speed in mph to see the feels-like temperature and plan for cold, windy conditions.
  • Average Temperature Calculator
    Calculate the daily mean (average) temperature from the day's high and low using T_avg = (T_max + T_min) / 2. Works in °C or °F.

Categories