Chemistry

  • Latent Heat Calculator
    Calculate the latent heat energy (Q = m × L) for a phase change using mass and specific latent heat. Free online physics calculator with results in J and kJ.
  • Ideal Gas Density Calculator
    Calculate the density of an ideal gas from pressure, molar mass, and temperature using ρ = PM/(RT). Fast, accurate, with worked examples.
  • Gay-Lussac's Law Calculator
    Solve Gay-Lussac's Law (P1/T1 = P2/T2) for pressure or temperature of a gas at constant volume. Enter three values to find the fourth. Use Kelvin.
  • Enthalpy Calculator
    Calculate enthalpy H = U + PV or the change in enthalpy ΔH = ΔU + PΔV from internal energy, pressure and volume in SI units (joules).
  • Heat Capacity Calculator
    Calculate heat capacity (C) from heat energy (Q) and temperature change (ΔT) using C = Q / ΔT. Free physics tool with worked example and FAQ.
  • Electrical Mobility Calculator
    Calculate electrical mobility μ from charge, relaxation time and effective mass using μ = qτ/m. Free physics tool with worked example and formula.
  • Charles' Law Calculator
    Free Charles' Law calculator. Solve for the final gas volume V₂ from V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ using Kelvin temperatures. Fast, accurate, with worked example.
  • Compressibility Factor Calculator
    Calculate the gas compressibility factor Z = PV/(nRT) from pressure, volume, moles, and temperature. Free, instant, with full worked example.
  • Curie's Law Calculator
    Calculate magnetization with Curie's Law M = C·B/T from the Curie constant, magnetic field, and absolute temperature. Free physics calculator.
  • Calorimetry Calculator
    Calculate heat energy (Q) absorbed or released using Q = m·c·ΔT. Enter mass, specific heat, and temperature change to get joules instantly.
  • Boltzmann Factor Calculator
    Calculate the Boltzmann factor f = exp(−E / k_B·T) from energy and temperature. Free physics tool using k_B = 1.380649e-23 J/K.
  • Quantum Numbers Calculator
    Enter the principal quantum number n to find the allowed l and mₗ values, number of subshells, orbitals, and maximum electrons (2n²) in a shell.
  • Rydberg Equation Calculator
    Calculate the wavelength, wavenumber, and frequency of hydrogen spectral lines using the Rydberg equation 1/λ = R(1/n₁² − 1/n₂²).
  • Magnetic Moment Calculator
    Calculate the spin-only magnetic moment of a transition metal complex from its number of unpaired electrons using μ = √(n(n+2)) Bohr magnetons.
  • Curie Constant Calculator
    Calculate the Curie constant C = N·μ²/(3·k_B) for paramagnetic materials. Enter moment density and magnetic moment to get C in SI units (K·m³).
  • Bohr Model Calculator
    Calculate the orbit radius and energy level of an electron with the Bohr model. Enter the principal quantum number (n) and atomic number (Z).
  • Thermal Equilibrium Temperature Calculator
    Find the final equilibrium temperature when two substances mix, using mass, specific heat and initial temperatures. Free physics & chemistry tool.
  • Dilution Calculator (Required Concentrate Volume)
    Calculate how much concentrate to use to make a target volume of diluted solution, by concentration or by dilution fold. For detergents, disinfectants, pesticides and more.
  • Wavelength to Energy Calculator
    Convert wavelength to photon energy in joules and electronvolts using E = hc/λ. Supports nm, µm, angstroms, and meters for fast, accurate results.
  • Volume to Density Calculator
    Calculate density from mass and volume using ρ = m / V. Enter mass in kilograms and volume in cubic meters to get density in kg/m³ instantly.
  • Ideal Gas Pressure Calculator
    Calculate gas pressure from moles, temperature, and volume using the ideal gas law P = nRT/V. Get results in atm and pascals instantly.
  • Mass to Density Calculator
    Calculate density from mass and volume using ρ = m / V. Enter mass in kg and volume in m³ to get density in kg/m³ instantly.
  • Ideal Gas Temperature Calculator
    Solve the ideal gas law for temperature with T = PV/(nR). Enter pressure, volume, moles and the gas constant to get temperature in kelvin and °C.
  • Ideal Gas Volume Calculator
    Calculate the volume of an ideal gas from moles, temperature and pressure using V = nRT/P. Instant results in cubic metres and litres.

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