MCP๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ โ†’

๊ณ„์‚ฐ ์ž…๋ ฅ

๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ํ˜•ํƒœ: aยทx + bยทy + c = 0

๊ณต์‹

๊ด‘๊ณ 

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

x์ ˆํŽธ
( 3, 0 )
y์ ˆํŽธ
( 0, 2 )
x์ ˆํŽธ ๊ณต์‹ x = -c / a
y์ ˆํŽธ ๊ณต์‹ y = -c / b

์ง์„ ์˜ x์ ˆํŽธ๊ณผ y์ ˆํŽธ์ด๋ž€?

์ ˆํŽธ์ด๋ž€ ์ง์„ ์ด ์ขŒํ‘œ์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. x์ ˆํŽธ์€ ์ง์„ ์ด x์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ (์ฆ‰, \(y = 0\)์ผ ๋•Œ)์ด๊ณ , y์ ˆํŽธ์€ ์ง์„ ์ด y์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ (์ฆ‰, \(x = 0\)์ผ ๋•Œ)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ผ์ฐจ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ˜•(ํ‘œ์ค€ํ˜•)์ธ \(ax + by + c = 0\)์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ, ๋‘ ์ ˆํŽธ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

x-y์ถ• ์œ„์˜ ์ง์„ ์ด ๊ฐ ์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ
x์ ˆํŽธ์€ ์ง์„ ์ด x์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ (\(y=0\)), y์ ˆํŽธ์€ y์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ (\(x=0\))์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ณ„์‚ฐ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์ง์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ \(ax + by + c = 0\) ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋’ค, ์„ธ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ a, b, c๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด \(2x + 3y - 6 = 0\)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ง์„ ์€ \(a = 2\), \(b = 3\), \(c = -6\)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์ด \(y = mx + k\) ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ-์ ˆํŽธํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, \(mx - y + k = 0\)์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ \(a = m\), \(b = -1\), \(c = k\)๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ณต์‹ ํ’€์ด

x์ ˆํŽธ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด \(ax + by + c = 0\)์—์„œ \(y = 0\)์„ ๋Œ€์ž…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด \(ax + c = 0\)์ด ๋˜์–ด \(x = -c/a\)๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. y์ ˆํŽธ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด \(x = 0\)์„ ๋Œ€์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ \(by + c = 0\), ์ฆ‰ \(y = -c/b\)๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. $$\text{For } ax + by + c = 0:\quad x_{int} = -\frac{c}{a}, \quad y_{int} = -\frac{c}{b}$$ \(a = 0\)์ด๋ฉด ์ง์„ ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ด๋ผ x์ ˆํŽธ์ด ์—†๊ณ , \(b = 0\)์ด๋ฉด ์ง์„ ์ด ์ˆ˜์ง์ด๋ผ y์ ˆํŽธ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ด‘๊ณ 

์˜ˆ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ

\(2x + 3y - 6 = 0\) (\(a = 2\), \(b = 3\), \(c = -6\))์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. x์ ˆํŽธ์€ $$x = -\frac{-6}{2} = 3$$์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ง์„ ์€ x์ถ•๊ณผ \((3, 0)\)์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. y์ ˆํŽธ์€ $$y = -\frac{-6}{3} = 2$$์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, y์ถ•๊ณผ๋Š” \((0, 2)\)์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ์ œ ์ ˆํŽธ ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ, ์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง์„ 
์˜ˆ์ œ ํ’€์ด: ์ง์„ ์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ x์ ˆํŽธ๊ณผ y์ ˆํŽธ์—์„œ ๊ฐ ์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ž์ฃผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ

a๊ฐ€ 0์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”? ์ง์„ ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ‰์„ (\(by + c = 0\))์ด ๋˜์–ด x์ถ•๊ณผ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ x์ ˆํŽธ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

b๊ฐ€ 0์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”? ์ง์„ ์ด ์ˆ˜์ง์„ (\(ax + c = 0\))์ด ๋˜์–ด y์ถ•๊ณผ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ y์ ˆํŽธ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

y = mx + k๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•ญ์„ ํ•œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ \(mx - y + k = 0\)์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด \(a = m\), \(b = -1\), \(c = k\)๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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